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AMNESIA : ‘FORGETFULNESS’: EXPERTS’ SUGGESTIONS
Many sufferers’ loved ones do not known enough about amnesia…
Some types of ‘amnesia’ are not forgetfulness, and some are self-healing ~some others are curable -science has found that it can improve the rest.
This aims at an understanding of these, followed by helpful suggestions.
Amnesia is any form of memory malfunction of significant consequence, whether due to organic causes by sudden external injury or progressive internal deterioration, or induced knowingly or unknowingly, including distantly -a commonly known type of this being hypnosis and post-hypnotic unconscious response to planted sub-conscious triggers.
Philosophical and Scientific Views, briefly, have been these, relevantly…
The ancient philosophers considered that memory was neither by any particular part of the brain controlled, nor had only to do with matter ~different parts of the brain were responsible for different memory functions and e.g. the median ventricle (second ventricle of scientist -third ventricle of physiologists [midway between forebrain and occiput]) controlled e.g. ratio, reason, cognition, judgment -and that memory involved also ‘mind’ i.e. non-matter.
In the 1950s amnesiacs’ brains were, by later scientists criticized as willy-nilly, cut -the interest developed by the USSR and the US governments reportedly having been mostly on the lines of thought transference and classical conditioning, worms were fed to worms to test memory transference. It was believed that human memory could be transferred (the genetically transferable DNA [deoxyribonucleid acid] containing RNA [ribonucleid acid] being thought to be the memory molecule); and that, if the subject was unaware of it, classical conditioning does worked also on human beings.
Science has now rediscovered that memory is a multiple system, and on the basis of it as a material link in the interiors learning could not be explained.
Classifications of the types and forms of amnesia have been variously attempted based on memory as a multiple system, depending on whether any or all or which part or parts of the memory mechanism are affected; and, more often as ‘retrograde’ (past) and ‘anterograde’ (future) -or partly both or of a particular event, and ‘permanent’ or ‘temporary’ ~the major traditional classifications being, briefly, as follows…
Psychogenic Amnesia, e.g., fugues: such as sleep-walking, deja-vu -memory of un-experienced events, cryptomnesia and xneoglossis (suddenly speaking in a language heard in childhood or never before heard); more so multiple personality and depersonalization (as in ‘zombies’) because of their otherwise inexplicability are controversially also regarded as having been inherited.
Child-amnesia is common and what childhood knowledge could not make sense of is not retained in adult memory.
Amnesias resulting from deep hypnosis, termed psychoneurotic or severe emotional shock, attributed to anxiety or repression or motivated forgetting in denial, involve only part or temporary loss of personal memories and, whether they affect or not one’s language skills, are almost always generally treatable.
Organic Amnesia arises from physical injury which destroys or damages the brain or its connections making memory in most cases permanently inaccessible or irrecoverable fully or in part -as a result of accident or by gradual extreme deterioration causing senility.
Examples of these are…
Shock: e.g., sudden massive blood-loss from wound -damagingly reducing blood and oxygen supply to brain.
Traumatic amnesia, e.g., resulting from a non-penetrating blow on the head.
Post-traumatic Amnesia (PTA), which lasts for more than a few days and involves always memory loss proportionate to the brain-tissue damage.
Concomitant Aphasia, where the lost language skills involve also literacy and numeracy.
Agnosia, which is selective to a particular sense or area, e.g., meaningless or unrecognizable everyday objects or images, or recognition of them but not their names. In this, such basic school knowledge as elementary arithmetic and spelling are never lost.
Advanced Dementia: e.g., Alzheimer’s, and Pick’s, diseases, where degeneration or hardening of blood vessels results in memory malfunction.
But organic amnesia can be caused also by biochemical damage -including by way of drug or alcohol abuse or even malnutrition, e.g., Korsakoff’s Psychosis, where additionally to un-co-ordination and loss of feeling in the muscles or fingers or toes one may be unable to recall complex patterns or lists of unrelated words or even faces or a short story. Such brain injury can also be caused by drug abuse or alcoholism.
Confabulation may be caused by alcohol or drug abuse. This involves the filling of memory blanks with fabrication or absurdity. (This is rather like alcohol which, while a single cocktail is known to enable free retrieval of memory, is known ordinarily to cause temporarily when taken in excess in a state of much drunkenness).
Organic Amnesias can be caused also by malnutrition -constant lack of essential organic fuel molecules which affect the learning experience. This is because memory is, basically, the acquisition and retrieval of knowledge –what affect animals and how do not necessarily always in the same way affect people, but this was seen in pets’ chemical changes in proteins which are associated with brain cells.
Mixed Amnesic States, psychogenic amnesia have been inexplicable by science, and also so when attributed to inner conflict arising from an altered state of consciousness -because in the case of fugues there appear to be involved also organic causes, e.g., epileptic, which is also inexplicable and have puzzled science…
For example…
Hysterical Amnesia (Hysterical Neurosis) involves, as distinct from organic, loss of only particular memories for a period of time, as a result of temporary alteration in consciousness -in the form of a temporary loss of identity and/or in the form of motor behavior (muscle or gland activity out of control of the motor area of the brain). But, often, there is involved pre-existing biochemical amnesia, a self-healing physiological cause -e.g. infection affecting circulation.
Global Transient Amnesia (TGA) which disorientates and causes loss of ability for immediate recall of recent events and the ability to retain new information, as well as altering social skills (although often not permanently, and with an excellent likelihood of recovery) is believed to be caused sometimes by a small stroke (TIA -lasting sometime as long as 30 to 60 minutes) brought about by the artery’s temporary blocking of blood supply to the brain, and sometimes known to result from migraine when venous congestion disrupts such blood flow possibly with another congestion.
But it can be caused also without brain injury, e.g., by dietarily treatable metabolic or biochemical imbalance from mal-absorption or malnutrition -as well as by such psychogenic triggers of these as constant fear or anxiety (which it is ascertained by brain-scan and blood-test).
The Root Cause of Amnesia is increasingly coming to be regarded as being probably never only psychogenic and not always explicably organic.
Experts had believed that amnesia resulted form an organic or psychogenic disconnection between short and long term memory because, while some cognitive skills were not lost, new learning were lost within minutes. But monkeys with the same lesion could perform cognitive tasks taught with long intervals; and a patient could learn mirror-writing and verbal paired associations -if bound by a phonetic or semantic or phonetic rule and did not involve mediation. Yet, rats in T-maze tasks could discriminate between choices.
Now, generally these are believed…
There is an unknown non-matter called ‘mind’… Different memory mechanisms are differently distributed in the brain… Amnesia is neither a short-to-long memory transfer fault, nor simply detachment from cognitive mediation, but inability to produce commentary from learned experiences by focusing information for comparing and ordering and re-ordering -faulty evaluative memory function…
(Experiments also showed these… Man can not be caused by Hypnosis to better recall memorized information than in the unaltered consciousness state –because Hypermnesia is the extraordinary functioning of the brain without forgetfulness… Although it succeeds with animals [.e.g. Pavlov’s dog experiment], attempts to classically condition man fails if the subject is conscious of it.)
Useful Suggestions by experts that may be helpful appear, basically, to be these…
(Tea and especially coffee in moderation [stimulants may affect blood-pressure], despite in mice blocking protein build-up and adversely affecting the brain, has been discovered in the case of women [men's metabolism being different] to generally reduce old-age memory decline -up to 30% verbal and 18% visual.)
Ppsychogenic Amnesia in the case of, e.g., walks, gardening, and memory-reorientation (photographs, discussion) help.
Organic Amnesia if it is, e.g., vegetables and fish is recommended.
Mixed Amnesia in the case of, additionally, avoidance of cold water exposure is advised.
Mental fatigue also may cause amnesia -memory thrives on being exercised.
One must, if concern arises, consult medically.